In this review article, we discuss the synthesis and dynamic nature of macromolecular systems that have mechanically linked polymer chains capable of undergoing a topology transformation driven by a ...

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Abstract: This letter uses sparse matrix statistics to highlight a structural gap between North American grid models and the synthetic cases commonly used in research. North American grids exhibit ...

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Contributed by Pablo G. Debenedetti; received November 25, 2025; accepted February 19, 2026; reviewed by Christoph Dellago and Andreas Heuer Water’s anomalous properties emerge from its complex ...